Thursday, August 15, 2024
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LSD
Mescaline
DMT
Psilocybin
Magic Mushrooms
By now, you've probably heard about the powerful psychedelic compound known as acid.
It's famous for being the inspiration behind many of the Beatles' hit music, driving the counterculture of the 1960s. It creeped into the Hip Hop Community through the works of Flatbush Zombies is wildly known for its (attempted) use by the CIA as a mind-control agent in the MK ULTRA project.
LSD was first invented in 1938 by a famous Swiss chemist, Albert Hofmann. He was also the same man to isolate psilocybin and psilocin from magic mushrooms for the first time.
Hoffmann discovered acid by accident while working for the pharmaceutical company Sandoz. He searched for a new drug to help with uterine contractions during pregnancy.
LSD, as we know it today, was the 25th compound he synthesized from compounds he extracted from a rye fungus called ergot. His notes listed the compound as LSD-25 which remains a common name for the drug to this day.
After inventing LSD-25, it was quickly ruled out for having no impact on affecting uterine contractions, so it was shelved for about five years.
In 1943, Hoffmann returned to ergot and resynthesized LSD-25 and other compounds to perform some experiments.
Somehow or another, a few drops of LSD-25 ended up on his skin. About an hour later, he started to experience a not unpleasant intoxicated like condition, characterized by an extremely stimulated imagination.
After this experience, Hoffman became understandably interested in LSD-25 and dedicated the subsequent several years to further testing the compound for potential medical applications and toxicity. The first clinical trials for the new drug began in 1947 in a psychiatric hospital in Basel, Switzerland.
What is LSD?
LSD is a semi-synthetic derivative of a group of compounds called lysergamides. These compounds are primarily found in a species of rye fungus called ergot.
LSD works by activating serotonin receptors in the brain - which produces changes in visual, auditory, and tactile perception. It promotes introspection and dissolving of the "ego".
An acid trip can last anywhere from 8 to 12 hours.
Conventional uses of acid revolved around self-growth and spiritual exploration, but research has also shown a lot of promise for LSD as a treatment for mental health.
Many believe and other theorize that LSD has the ability to "reset" the default mode network which is a series of brain processes that control our inner sense of self-worth and ego.
Too much activity in a part of the brain called the default mode network has been connected to mental health issues like depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and addiction.
LSD: Silly Details
Active Ingredient: Lysergic acid diethylamide
Level of Risk: Low
Duration of Effects: 6-10 hours
Legality: Illegal in most parts of the world
Common Names For LSD
LSD has been around for over 60 years now and has accumulated many nicknames over the years.
Here are some of the most prominent names for LSD:
- Acid
- Lucy
- Mellow Yellow
- Window Pane
- California Sunshine
- LAD (the English acronym for lysergic acid diethylamide)
Sillyyz Safe LSD Guidelines
- The standard dose for LSD is about 80μg
- Test your substances always! To test your LSD with a reagent test kit before you start
- Know the timeline: the effects of LSD are going to last between 7 and 12 hours
- Have a trip sitter nearby - someone you trust who remains sober throughout the experience
- Don't mix it isn't safe to mix LSD with other drugs, medications, or alcohol
What's The Dose of LSD?
The most common dose for LSD is about 80 micrograms which is the average amount of LSD in a standard square of blotter paper (+/- 10%).
Depending on the manufacturer, the dose per blotter square can range from about 20 mcg of LSD to 100 mcg.
The usual dose is to take one blotter square at a time. Some people will take two or even three doses. Only people with a lot of experience using LSD should even consider taking more than one square at a time. It's easy to underestimate the effects of LSD until it\u2019s too late.
Many people will take one square and prematurely take another after an hour when the effects aren't strong enough. Sixty minutes later, you've got two full doses of LSD. Once you've taken the LSD, you can't turn back. You'll feel the effects no matter what you do so make sure you don't take too much.
The Standard Psychoactive Dose
(80-200 micrograms)
The average psychoactive dose of LSD is very low which is around 80 to 200 micrograms. Even a dose of 20 mcg is enough to produce subtle changes in perception.
The high potency of acid makes measuring the dose difficult. A single drop of acid that's been diluted for making blotters contains around 70 mcg.
However, a single drop of an undiluted LSD solution could contain as much as 70,000 mcg.
Instead of measuring out drop doses, manufacturers dilute and coat small pieces of paper with LSD and cut them into squares for individual doses. This is referred to as blotter paper.
These paper squares are then placed in the mouth and held there to allow the active ingredient to absorb through the mouth's mucus membranes.
It's hard to know what the exact dose is for a single square of blotter acid paper. Factors like how the LSD was stored, whether it was exposed to sunlight or not, and the potency of the acid used to make it can all affect the dose per blotter paper.
You can get a rough gauge on the dose per piece based on its effects. If you or someone else has taken acid cut from the same sheet of blotter paper, you'll be able to get an idea if it's on the high-end of the dose (100 mcg LSD) or the lower-end (20 mcg). If you're not sure, it's wise to start with just a single piece rather than underestimating the effects and taking too much.
Heroic Dose
(200 - 400 micrograms)
A heroic dose is considered any amount above 200 micrograms. These doses are powerful and produce dramatic shifts in the perception of reality. At this dose, you're likely to experience dissociative thoughts, loss of ego, visual and auditory hallucinations, and out-of-body experiences.
This dose should never be attempted by anybody who doesn't already have a lot of experience using LSD or is under the direct supervision of a trained psychotherapist.
While this dose can provide incredible insights and introspective benefits, it also brings a much higher risk of a "bad trip".
LSD Tolerance
The body forms a tolerance to all tryptamine psychedelics relatively quickly. This includes LSD, DMT, LSA, and psilocybin.
Tolerance means the body becomes resistant to the effects of a drug. You'll need to take a larger dose the second time you take it to match the intensity of the initial dose.
Tolerance to LSD usually develops after a single dose and can take two weeks to reverse entirely.
If you take a 100 mcg dose of acid today, you'll need to take roughly 280 mcg tomorrow to experience the same intensity of effects. However, if you wait for about two weeks, you'll only need to take 100 mcg to get the same effects all over again.
How Does Tolerance Form?
LSD changes the way the brain usually works by activating specific receptors known as 5-HT2A. This activation leads to powerful and unusual experiences, often called mind-altering or psychoactive effects. The activity in these receptors gets so intense that it goes way beyond what the brain is used to. Because of this, the body automatically tries to counterbalance or reduce the effects to bring things back to normal.
In order to reduce the activation of these receptors, the body will hided some of them. The next time you take LSD, fewer receptors are available for it to exert its effect producing less impact.
Over the course of 10-14 days without the drug, these receptors will become "unhidden" and LSD has the same level of impact it had the first time all over again.
What Does LSD Feel Like?
Every LSD experience is unique.
The effects of LSD and psychedelics in general feed off your own thoughts and imagination
So the direction a particular trip can take depends on how you're feeling, the stimuli in your environment, and the people you're with.
In general, the effects of LSD are usually positive. While it's possible to have a negative experience (aka, a bad trip), the right preparation (positive mindset, comfortable setting, and a trip sitter) can dramatically reduce the chances of this happening.
Most people report introspection, laughter, and creative insight while taking LSD.
Many of these experiences resonate with people for years after the experience - such as realizing the importance of some of your personal relationships, recognizing toxic thought patterns, and more.
LSD can produce the following feelings:
- Euphoria
- Increased sense of empathy
- More mental energy
- Visual and auditory hallucinations
- Altered perception of time (time feels faster or slower than normal)
- Giddiness and laughter
- Creative
- Calm & Balance
Not all of the effects of LSD are positive. It's important to be aware of the negative effects that can arise periodically throughout the trip. If these feelings appear, it's important to remember that they're only temporary. As soon as you stop focusing on them, they tend to disappear. Resisting these feelings only makes them worse.
Having a trusted guide with you during your trip - especially if using higher doses is the most effective way to avoid or dissolve negative feelings during the trip.
Some of the more negative feelings that can arise include:
- Confusion and frustration performing routine tasks
- Feelings of fear or anxiety
- A heightened level of suspicion about others (paranoia)
- Seeing or hearing things that aren't there
- Feelings of being overwhelmed
How LSD Feels According to Dose
- <20 mcg - sub-psychedelic dose, produces a heightened level of awareness and creativity
- 25 - 40 mcg - threshold experience, produces changes in visual & auditory perception
- 60 - 120 mcg - substantial experience, produces strong hallucinations, introspection, & dampening of the DMN
- 120 - 300 mcg - profound experience, effects at this dose are very strong and often lead to life-changing experiences
- >300 mcg - considered to produce out of body experience, temporary loss of touch with reality, similar to DMT experience
LSD Trip Timeline:
When Does it Start? How Long Does it Last?
Acid takes around 30 to 60 minutes before it starts to kick in. If you hold the blotter paper under your tongue, it may be even faster.
Acid is one of the longest-lasting psychedelics - in some cases providing psychoactive effects for up to 12 hours. The average duration is closer to 7 hours before you're about 95% back to normal. Residual effects can linger for several more hours, involving feelings of introspection and mild visual distortions.
Here's what a typical timeline for an acid trip looks like:
T0: The Initial Dose
This is when you first take LSD marking the start of the journey.
T30: Onset Of Effects
Mild effects may start to appear, starting with a tingling sensation in the stomach.
T60: You'll begin to see some visual perception changes (objects appear to be moving or vibrating). This is usually accompanied by laughter and giddiness.
T120: Peak Effects
Two hours in, the effects will be blatantly obvious. You may feel euphoric, giggly, and introspective. You'll be experiencing both visual and auditory hallucinations at this time.
The effects of the drug can be quite intense around this time. This is the period where the heavier side of acid happens. You may experience dissociative thoughts, ego death, and in some cases, out-of-body experiences.
This is the most critical stage to have a trip sitter nearby to help you through any challenging experiences. The hallucinations and dissolving of the ego can cause paranoia, anxiety, and fear. Taking steps before taking LSD - such as finding a trusted trip sitter and finding an environment that's comfortable and safe is the best way to avoid problems during the peak effects.
T240: The Slow Fade
Around the four-hour mark, your trip will have already reached a climax and will start to decline.
You'll go through periods of high intensity, followed by periods of lower intensity. This waxes and wanes over the next three hours, each time reaching a lower "peak" at the top of what is known as "the wave".
T360: The Comedown
By the sixth, the effects will be dramatically reduced. Some people find they're back to normal by this time; others may still be experiencing residual effects from the drug.
This period remains full of introspective thoughts as you replay the experience you just went through. Many people feel very relaxed at this point and usually end up in a comfortable position lying or sitting down as you ponder the experience you just went through.
You'll feel lazy and relaxed - but not tired. This is a great time to journal or talk about your experience with the rest of your group. There may be faint streaks of light but nothing overwhelming.
T600: The End of the Trip
This is the 10-hour mark. The majority of people will be completely back to normal at this point. Most people will start to feel sleepy by this point as the brain seeks the opportunity to recharge.
You've spent the past 10 hours exploring, moving around, and thinking at a high level.
This is a good time to get some rest and get a fresh start tomorrow.
Is LSD Legal?
LSD is illegal in most parts of the world. It's listed as a Schedule I drug on the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances (1971). This means all countries taking part in this convention are expected to include LSD on their prohibited substances list.
There are currently no countries where LSD is considered legal however, there's a growing list of countries, states, and municipalities that have moved to decriminalize LSD.
Remember, decriminalization doesn't make a substance legal it just removes the penalties for being in possession of personal amounts of the drug.
Countries That Have Decriminalized LSD:
Europe
- Armenia
- Croatia
- Czech Republi
- Estonia
- Germany
- Italy
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Russian Federation
- Spain
- Switzerland
North & South America
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Mexico
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Uruguay
Local US States & Municipalities
- Washington DC, USA
- Oregon, USA
- Vancouver, Canada
Is LSD Safe?
There are over 60 years of research to prove LSD is both non-toxic and non-addictive. There have never been any reported overdose cases from people taking too much LSD, and there's no indication of addiction to LSD.
Tolerance formation is possible in people who take LSD often prompting them to take larger doses to get the same effect. However, when they stop taking LSD, no symptoms of withdrawal or cravings are reported.
Despite the high level of safety, there are some potential risks to using LSD. During the trip, visions and hallucinations can cause bouts of anxiety, paranoia, and intense fear some of which can cause long-term mental harm.
Another long-term (but rare) side effect that can result from LSD use is hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD). This disorder is characterized by long-lasting changes to visual or auditory sensory information - sometimes lasting several months or years after the initial trip.
Side Effects of LSD
There are two different categories of side effects from LSD: physical side effects (changes in body metrics like temperature or heart rate) and psychological side effects (changes in perception, mood, and mental condition).
Physical Side Effects of LSD
- Sweating
- Rapid heart rate
- High blood pressure
- Dehydration
- Increased body temperature
Psychological Side Effects of LSD
- Paranoia
- Sense of fear or phobia
- Panic and anxiety
- Synesthesia
- Hallucinations
- Mental dissociation
LSD Compared To Other Psychedelics?
LSD is considered moderate in terms of strength. It produces much less psychoactivity than a drug like DMT or salvia and more psychoactivity than others like mescaline.
LSD is most comparable in terms of effects to magic mushrooms.
You're unlikely to experience out-of-body experiences on LSD unless you take exceptionally high hero doses.
LSD vs. Magic Mushrooms
LSD is very comparable to magic mushrooms in terms of effects. Both LSD and the active ingredient in magic mushrooms (psilocybin) share a very similar structure and interact with the same receptors in the body.
The difference in these two compounds is subtle mushrooms tend to have a stronger body high and have a shorter duration of effects (about 4 - 6 hours). LSD is more mental, producing striking changes in visual and auditory sensory perception.
The psychoactive dose is similar for both compounds starting at around 20 mcg of pure LSD or pure psilocybin.
LSD vs. DMT
LSD and DMT (dimethyltryptamine) target the same receptors in the brain. Low doses of DMT share many similarities with LSD, and very high doses of LSD are similar to DMT.
DMT has a much higher chance of producing out-of-body or transcendental experiences - stripping away the ego and forcing introspection.
LSD Vs. Mescaline
Mescaline is a naturally occurring psychedelic found in several species of cacti all of which are native to North America.
While LSD and mescaline produce kaleidoscope patterns in vision, mescaline has stronger visuals in low-light environments or while the eyes are closed. Mescaline also produces a unique geometricization effect causing 3-dimensional objects to appear flat and distorted.
LSD vs. LSA
LSA stands for d-lysergic acid amide, often referred to as ergine. Both LSD and LSA are similar in terms of effects and chemical structure.
Both compounds are classified as ergoline alkaloids (alkaloids extracted or derived from the ergot fungus). LSA is naturally-occurring and can be found in plants and fungi such as ololiuhqui, Hawaiian baby Woodrose (Argyreia nervosa), sleepy grass (Achnatherum robustum), and morning glory seeds (Ipomoea violacea).
While LSD is a synthetic version derived from other alkaloids in the ergot fungus.
LSA is different from LSD in that it's also a sedative and produces a much milder trip overall compared to LSD. It produces a feeling described as being heavy.
LSA is also much more inconsistent in terms of its intensity. This is partly because plant-based sources can have different amounts of certain chemicals, which makes the final product vary in strength. LSD, however, is made in a lab where the process is controlled, so every dose is consistent and has the same strength.
MK-ULTRA: LSD & The CIA
Almost immediately, the CIA in the United States became interested in the new reality-shifting drug. They were interested in the drug as a potential mind-control agent and formed a covert operation under the code name MK-ULTRA.
While MK-ULTRA was active, LSD was administered to CIA agents, members of the public, prostitutes, patients in psychiatric hospitals, and government employees \u2014 sometimes with their consent, other times without.
The program was ultimately canned after it became clear that LSD was not the truth serum or mind-control agent they were looking for.
LSD Counterculture
In the 1960s, LSD managed to escape the laboratory and became accessible to the mainstream public. Sandoz (the drug owner at the time) sent large quantities of the drug to virtually any researcher interested in testing it. Professors Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert at Harvard University were two of the primary recipients of this deal in the United States.
Leary and Alpert were approved for a study program by the University to test the drug (which was legal then). They explored the effects of the drug under different conditions on students. Many times both Leary and Alpert were under the influence of the drug themselves while conducting the study. This, along with the notion that Leary and Alpert pressured students to take LSD, led to their dismissal from the university in 1963.
After the two professors were no longer bound to the University, they began sharing everything they knew with the public through public talks, books, and events.
The LSD Prohibition
Dr. Sidney Cohen was a key figure in the movement to ban LSD and other psychedelics during the 1960s. He was a respected doctor and researcher who conducted numerous studies on these substances, exploring both their potential benefits and risks. However, as the use of LSD became more widespread, Cohen grew concerned about its dangers, especially if it fell into the wrong hands or was used irresponsibly.
He believed that without proper control, LSD could cause serious harm to individuals and society. Because of these concerns, he actively worked to convince the government to create laws that would prohibit the use of hallucinogenic drugs, arguing that the risks outweighed the benefits.
His efforts played a significant role in shaping the policies that eventually led to the widespread prohibition of these substances.
During this time, the media reported stories about people jumping out of windows while under the influence of LSD, staring into the sun until going blind, and other fantastic (and unfounded) stories aiming to demonize the drug.
It worked.
In 1968, the US federal government banned the possession of LSD and later moved it into the official schedule I restricted drug status in 1970. This category is reserved for drugs with a significant risk of abuse without any medical value similar to heroin or cocaine.
LSD research came to a halt and didn't start to pick up again until the 1980s. After its prohibition, it became very difficult for research programs to access the compound for further studies. Only a handful of universities retained access to psychedelics during this time.
The New Age In LSD & Psychedelics
We're currently experiencing a resurgence in psychedelic research, often referred to as a new wave or "psychedelic renaissance." Around the world, laws that once strictly prohibited the use of substances like LSD are gradually being relaxed, allowing scientists and medical professionals to explore their potential benefits more openly.
As more studies are conducted, the growing body of evidence is showing that psychedelics, when used responsibly and in controlled settings, can have significant therapeutic value.
For example, research is increasingly supporting their use in treating conditions like depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addiction. Additionally, many studies highlight the high level of safety associated with psychedelics when administered under professional supervision. This accumulating evidence is becoming so strong that it's challenging for policymakers, medical professionals, and the public to overlook the potential benefits of psychedelics any longer.
As a result, we're seeing more interest in integrating these substances into mainstream medical practices. There's a push towards bringing LSD back into the health system in the form of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Opening up new possibilities for mental health treatment and personal growth.
Places like British Colombia, Canada, Oregon, the USA, Mexico, and several US municipalities have taken steps either legalized or decriminalized the use of psychedelics.
More are expected to follow suit over the next couple of years.